Irhasi ephumayoi-turbocharger inamacandelo amabini: i-exhaust gas turbine kunye neicompressor. Ngokubanzi, i-injini yegesi yokukhupha ikwicala lasekunene kwaye icompressor ikwicala lasekhohlo. Ziyi-coaxial. Isingxobo se-iturbine senziwe ngentsimbi ekwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu. Isiphelo sokungenisa umoya siqhagamshelwe kumbhobho wokukhupha i-cylinder, kwaye isiphelo se-air outlet sidityaniswe kwi-port exhaust injini ye-diesel. Isiphelo sokungenisa umoya secompressor siqhagamshelwe kwisihluzo somoya se-injini ye-diesel yokungena emoyeni, kwaye isiphelo sokuphuma somoya siqhagamshelwe kumbhobho wokungenisa umoya we-cylinder.
1. I-injini yegesi ephumayo
I-injini yegesi yokukhupha idla ngokuqulatha aizindlu ze turbine, umsesane womlomo kunye ne-impeller esebenzayo. Iringi yomlomo ineringi yangaphakathi yomlomo, iringi yangaphandle kunye neencakuba zomlomo. Umjelo owenziwe ngamacangci ombhobho uyacutheka ukusuka kwindawo yokungena ukuya kwindawo yokuphuma. I-impeller esebenzayo yenziwe nge-turntable kunye ne-impeller, kwaye ii-blades zokusebenza zigxininiswe kumda wangaphandle we-turntable. Iringi yomlomo kunye ne-impeller yokusebenza ekufutshane yenza "iqonga". I turbine enenqanaba elinye ibizwa ngokuba yiinjini yenqanaba elinye. Uninzi lwee-supercharges zisebenzisa i-injini yenqanaba elinye.
Umgaqo wokusebenza weinjini yegesi yokuphuma umi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Xa iinjini yedizili isebenza, igesi yokukhupha idlula kumbhobho wokukhupha kwaye igeleza kwindandatho yomlomo kuxinzelelo oluthile kunye nobushushu. Ekubeni indawo yejelo yeringi yombhobho iyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe, isantya sokuhamba kwegesi yokukhupha kwindandatho yomlomo iyanda (nangona uxinzelelo kunye nobushushu buyancipha). I-speed-speed exhaust gas ephuma kwi-nozzle ingena kumjelo wokuhamba kwi-impeller blades, kwaye ukuhamba komoya kunyanzelekile ukuba kuguqulwe. Ngenxa yamandla e-centrifugal, i-airflow icinezela ngokubhekiselele kwi-concave surface ye-blade kwaye izama ukushiya i-blade, ibangela ukuhlukana koxinzelelo phakathi kwe-concave kunye ne-convex ebusweni be-blade. Amandla esiphumo somahluko woxinzelelo osebenza kuzo zonke iiblades avelisa itorque yempembelelo kwishaft ejikelezayo, ebangela ukuba i-impeller ijikeleze kwicala le torque, kwaye emva koko Irhasi ephumayo ephuma kwi-impeller ikhutshwa kwizibuko lokukhupha nge- embindini weinjini yomoya.
2. Isicompressor
Icompressor yenziwe ikakhulu yi-air inlet, i-impeller esebenzayo, i-diffuser kunye nezindlu ze-turbine. Iicompressor i-coaxial kunye ne-injini yegesi ephumayo kwaye iqhutywa yiinjini yegesi ephumayo ukujikelezisa i-injini esebenzayo ngesantya esiphezulu. I-turbine esebenzayo iyona nxalenye ephambili yecompressor. Idla ngokuba nevili lesikhokelo somoya eligobileyo elibheke phambili kunye nevili elivulekileyo lokusebenza. Amacandelo amabini afakwe ngokulandelelana kwi-shaft ejikelezayo. Iincakuba ezithe tye zicwangciswe ngokwemitha kwivili elisebenzayo, kwaye umjelo wokuhamba komoya owandisiweyo wenziwa phakathi kwencakuba nganye. Ngenxa yokujikeleza kwevili elisebenzayo, umoya wokungena ucinezelekile ngenxa yamandla e-centrifugal kwaye uphonswe kumda wangaphandle wesondo osebenzayo, obangela ukuba uxinzelelo, ubushushu kunye nesantya somoya kwande. Xa umoya uqukuqela kwi-diffuser, amandla e-kinetic omoya aguqulwa abe ngamandla oxinzelelo ngenxa yesiphumo sokusasazwa. Kwi-exhaustizindlu ze turbine, amandla e-kinetic omoya aguqulwa ngokuthe ngcembe abe ngamandla oxinzelelo. Ngale ndlela, ukuxinana komoya wokungena kwe-injini ye-diesel kuphuculwe kakhulu ngecompressor.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-24-2024